Simulating the Process
No one has yet photographed directly the production of the first particles. It occurred in the first few micro-micro-microseconds of the universe, and telescopes cannot yet see any moment earlier than 380 000 years after the beginning. However, we can simulate the process of particle production. Physicists regularly cause collisions between energetic X-rays in cyclotrons and liner accelerators. Subatomic particles materialize daily from X-rays in laboratories around the world. The pictures physicists take of the darkness of X-rays coming from cyclotrons and producing atomic particles are simulated pictures of the first evening.
We do not know how much time passed until the gamma rays collided. Therefore we do not know how long the first evening lasted. We do know that a light wave completes one vibration in a thousandth of a micro-microsecond. Until that amount of time had passed there was no such thing as a complete light wave. The first evening must have lasted at least that long.
During the first evening the gamma rays collided with one another and materialized as atomic components. Fred Hoyle (English astronomer, 1915–2001) was right when he said that the universe did not begin with a “single huge explosion,” that is, a “big bang.”[i] This popular name for the beginning of the universe is misleading. It suggests that an explosion occurred at a point and the ejected materials flew out into empty space.
Collisions are not explosions. Explosions are destructive, but the collisions made the particles. Therefore the beginning of the material of the universe was not an accidental, meaningless event.
[i] Hoyle, Fred, The Nature of the Universe, American edition (New York: Harper & Brothers, 7 October 1950), p. 119.
We do not know how much time passed until the gamma rays collided. Therefore we do not know how long the first evening lasted. We do know that a light wave completes one vibration in a thousandth of a micro-microsecond. Until that amount of time had passed there was no such thing as a complete light wave. The first evening must have lasted at least that long.
During the first evening the gamma rays collided with one another and materialized as atomic components. Fred Hoyle (English astronomer, 1915–2001) was right when he said that the universe did not begin with a “single huge explosion,” that is, a “big bang.”[i] This popular name for the beginning of the universe is misleading. It suggests that an explosion occurred at a point and the ejected materials flew out into empty space.
Collisions are not explosions. Explosions are destructive, but the collisions made the particles. Therefore the beginning of the material of the universe was not an accidental, meaningless event.
[i] Hoyle, Fred, The Nature of the Universe, American edition (New York: Harper & Brothers, 7 October 1950), p. 119.
Simulation of the first evening: A cyclotron generates X-rays that collide with particles.
